Count Distinct Elements in Every Window of Size K

Count Distinct Elements in Every Window of Size K.

Given an array of n integers and an integer k (k is always smaller or equal to n).  Return the count of distinct elements in all windows (or in all sub-arrays) of size k.

For example –

   Example 1:

  Input: {1, 5, 9, 3, 3, 7, 3},   k = 3

  Output: {3, 3, 2, 2, 2}

1st window {1, 5, 9}, Distinct elements are 3.

2nd window {5, 9, 3}, Distinct elements are 3.

3rd window {9, 3, 3}, Distinct elements are 2.

4th window {3, 3, 7}, Distinct elements are 2.

5th window {3, 7, 3}, Distinct elements are 2.

   Example 2:

  Input: {1, 4, 7, 7},   k = 2

  Output: {2, 2, 1}

1st window {1, 4}, Distinct elements are 2.

2nd window {4, 7}, Distinct elements are 2.

3rd window {7, 7}, Distinct elements are 1.

Find Square Root of an Integer

Find Square Root of an Integer. How to calculate square root in java without sqrt function.

Given an integer x (non-negative integer). Write a code to compute the square root of x.

If x is not a perfect square in that case return floor of square root of x (floor(sqrt(x))).

NOTE: Do not use the sqrt function from the standard library.

For example –

Example 1:

           Input: 4

Output: 2

Example 2:

          Input: 11

          Output: 3

The square root of 11 is 3.316624 but we have returned the integer part only after truncating the decimal digits.

floor(3.316624) is 3

Example 3:

         Input: 17

         Output: 4

The square root of 17 is 4.12310. Floor(4.12310) is 4.

Roman to Integer

Given a Roman numeral, Write a code to convert roman to integer value.

Roman numerals are represented by seven different letters (I, V, X, L, C, D, M). These seven letters are used to make thousands of numbers.

Roman Numerals Symbol and It's decimal value.

For example –

Example 1 –

Input  : II , Output : 2

Example 2 –

Input  : XI , Output : 11

Example 3 – 

Input  : IV , Output : 4

Example 4 – 

Input : LVII , Output: 57 

NOTE : The given input is guaranteed to be within the range from 1 to 3999.